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Richard fitz Gilbert de Clare (died 15 April 1136) Lord of Clare, was an Anglo-Norman nobleman. A marcher lord in Wales, he was also the founder of Tonbridge Priory in Kent. ==Life== Richard was the eldest son of Gilbert Fitz Richard de Clare and Adeliza de Claremont.〔George Cokayne,''The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant Extinct or Dormant'', Vol. III, Ed. Vicary Gibbs (London: St Catherine Press, 1913), p. 243〕 Upon his father's death, he inherited his lands in England and Wales. He is commonly said to have been created Earl of Hertford by either Henry I or Stephen, but no contemporary reference to him, including the record of his death, calls him by any title, while a cartulary states that a tenant had held "''de Gilleberto, filio Richardi, et de Ricardo, filio ejus, et postea, de Comite Gilleberto, filio Richardi''" ("of Gilbert Fitz Richard, and his son Richard, and then of Earl Gilbert Fitz Richard"), again failing to call Richard 'Earl' while giving that title to his son. Thus his supposed creation as earl is without merit, although his status and wealth made him a great magnate in England.〔 Directly following the death of Henry I, hostilities increased significantly in Wales and a rebellion broke out.〔David Walker, ''Medieval Wales'' (Cambridge UK & New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990), p. 45〕 Robert was a strong supporter of King Stephen and in the first two years of his reign Robert attested a total of twenty-nine of that king's charters.〔Jennifer C. Ward, 'Royal Service and Reward: The Clare Family and the Crown, 1066-1154', ''Anglo-Norman Studies XI. Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1988'', Ed. R. Allen Brown (Woodbridge, The Boydell Press, 1989), p. 274〕 He was with King Stephen when he formalized a treaty with King David I of Scotland and was a royal steward at Stephen's great Easter court in 1136.〔 He was also with Stephen at the siege of Exeter that summer and was in attendance on the king on his return from Normandy. At this point, Richard apparently demanded more land in Wales, which Stephen was not willing to give him.〔 In 1136, Richard had been away from his lordship in the early part of the year. He returned to the borders of Wales via Hereford in the company of Brian Fitz Count, but on their separating, Richard ignored warnings of the danger and pressed on toward Ceredigion with only a small force.〔John Horace Round, ''Studies in Peerage and Family History'' (Archibald Constable and Co., Ltd., 1901), p. 211〕 He had not gone far when, on 15 April, he was ambushed and killed by the men of Gwent under Iorwerth ab Owain and his brother Morgan, grandsons of Caradog ap Gruffydd, in a woody tract called "the ill-way of Coed Grano", near Llanthony Abbey, north of Abergavenny.〔''The historical works of Giraldus Cambrensis'', Ed. Thomas Wright (London: H.G. Bohn, 1863), p. 365〕 Today the spot is marked by the 'garreg dial' (the stone of revenge).〔Anna Tucker, ''Gwent'' (Princes Risborough: Shire, 1987), p. 40〕 He was buried in Tonbridge Priory,〔James Foster Wadmore, ''The priory of s. Mary Magdalene at Tonbridge'' (London: Michell & Hughes, 1881), p. 8〕 which he founded.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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